10 Concepts

Louis Kahn (Dead)

1.  LIGHT: All matter is made of light and this matter casts shadow and together the rhythm of light and shadow defines a space.

2. ROOM: Each space should have its own shape and form.

3. JUXTAPOSITION: He juxtaposes both materials and geometry, using not only conventional materials like concrete, but also using timber in unexpected ways. 

4. SERVANT AND SERVED: There is a relationship between servant and served spaces, whereby servant spaces like stairways and corridors facilitate the function of the served living spaces.

5. HIERARCHY: He establishes a hierarchy of spatial organisation in that primary spaces are often centralised, whereas secondary spaces are placed on the fringes.

Balkrishna Doshi (Alive)

6. SITE: "Landscape is the primary architectural mediator, the ground and building are inseparable."

7. LAYERED: The architecture features overlapping layers and transitional areas which encourages fluid and adaptable living conditions, customary in Indian tradition.

8. BRUTALIST: Brutalism and ruggedness of raw materials such as brick and concrete.

9. COLUMNS: The use of columns to define a space.

10. FLUID: Flexible rather than rigid approach to the structure (“The space… gradually evolves; it modifies and acts as a catalyst." )